Posts tagged: Nucleotides

Learn about Nucleosides and Nucleotides

Nucleosides

          Nitrogen bases linked to sugars are called as Nucleosides. Partial hydrolysis of nucleic acids yields compounds in which the pentose is covalently linked by a β glycosidic linkage to a base. Adenine linked to ribose is called adenosine. Guanine linked to ribose is guanosine. Pyrimidine nucleosides are cytidine or deoxycytidine, thymidine or deoxythymidine.

 Adenine + Ribose         = Adenosine (AR)

Guanine + Ribose          = Guanosine (GR)

Cytosine + Ribose          = Cytidine (CR)

Uracil + Ribose              = Uridine (UR)

Adenine + deoxy ribose = Deoxy adenosine (AdR)

Guanine + deoxy ribose = Deoxy guanidine (GdR)

Cytosine + deoxy ribose = Deoxy cytidine (CdR)

Thymine + deoxy ribose = Deoxy thymidine (TdR)

Nucleotides

          Nucleosides linked to phosphate group are called Nucleotides. Nucleotides are phosphoric acid esters of nucleosides. These can occur in free form or as constituents of nucleic acid. They are linked end to end (5’ to 3’). Nucleotides join by the alternating position of sugar and phosphate group in the backbone of the DNA molecule.

          Each nucleotide contains

• Nitrogenous bases
  • Purines (Adenine or Guanine)
  • Pyrimidines (Cytosine or Thymine)
• Deoxyribose (Pentose- 5 carbon sugar)
• Phosphate group

Nucleotides occurring in RNA and DNA

Ribonucleotides

AMP

GMP

CMP

UMP

Deoxyribonucleotides

dAMP

dGMP

dCMP

dUMP

Now that you have learnt about Nucleosides and Nucleotides, If you want to learn Bioinformatics as coursework with a certificate. Check our Bioinformatics course from Ampersand Academy. Also, read about Biostatistics.